Rabu, 25 Januari 2017

CORPORATE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT (ANALYSYS OF FINANCIAL RASIO PT. SEMEN INDONESIA, TBK)

CORPORATE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

ANALYSYS OF FINANCIAL RASIO
PT. SEMEN INDONESIA, TBK
Analytical Financial Ratio
No. Name of Ratio Ratio Year End 31 Dec 2015 Year End 31 Dec 2014 Expalanation
A. Short-Term Liquidity
Current ratio Current Assets =                     10.538.703.910                       11.648.544.675 Setiap Rp 1 hutang jangka pendek dijamin oleh Rp 1,66 aset lancar. Makin tinggi Current ratio makin baik bagi perusahaan. Current ratio = 2,0 dapat dikategorikan bahwa perusahaan mempunyai kondisi likuiditas baik, walaupun hal ini tergantung pada industrinya.
Current Liabilities                       6.599.189.622                         5.271.929.548
         
  =                                       1,60                                         2,21
Acid Test / Quick Ratio Quick Assets =                       8.129.729.838                         8.836.840.270 Setiap Rp 1 hutang jangka pendek dijamin oleh Rp 1,23 harta lancar (tanpa harus menjual persediaan) untuk menutup kewajiban jangka pendeknya . Makin tinggi quick ratio makin baik bagi perusahaan. Quick ratio = 1,0 dapat dikategorikan bahwa perusahaan mempunyai kondisi likuiditas baik.
Current Liabilities                       6.599.189.622                         5.271.929.548
         
  =                                       1,23                                         1,68
Cash Ratio Cash =                       3.964.018.180                         4.925.949.551 Digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan perusahaan dalam membayar kewajiban jangka pendek dengan kas yang tersedia dan yang disimpan di bank. Yang artinya Setiap Rp 1 hutang jangka pendek dijamin oleh Rp 0,6 harta lancar berupa kas yang tersedia dan yang disimpan dibank.
Current Liabilities                       6.599.189.622                         5.271.929.548
         
  =                                       0,60                                         0,93
     
Receivable Turnover Credit sales =                     26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135 Menunjukan berapa kali piutang dagang perusahaan berputar dalam satu tahun.Artinya tingkat perputaran piutang sebesar  7,43 kali  dalam setahun, dari penjualan kredit. Semakin tinggi perputaran piutang semakin baik.
Account Receivable                       3.628.640.501                         3.432.556.555
         
  =                                       7,43                                         7,86
Inventory Turnover COGS =                     16.302.008.098                       15.408.157.860 Digunakan untuk mengukur efektivitas manajemen perusahaan dalam mengelola persediaan. Artinya dana yang tertanam dalam persediaan berputar sebanyak 6,77 kali dalam setahun. Semakin tinggi perputaran persediaan yang diperoleh, semakin efektif manejemen dalam mengelola persediaan.
Inventory                       2.408.974.072                         2.811.704.405
         
  =                                       6,77                                         5,48
Interval Measure Current Assets =                     10.538.703.910                       11.648.544.675 Interval measure memberikan informasi kepada para kreditur untuk mengetahui kemampuan perusahaan untuk menutup biaya minimum rutin yang dibutuhkan dalam kegiatan operasi yang paling utama. Yang artinya setiap Rp 1 biaya operasional harian dijamin oleh Rp 182,33 aset lancar.
Daily Operating Cost                            57.800.222                              54.547.285
         
  =                                   182,33                                     213,55
Net Working Captital to Total Assets (CA-CL) =                       3.939.514.288                         6.376.615.127 Menunjukkan jumlah likuiditas jangka pendek perusahaan terhadap total aset yang dimiliki perusahaan. Semakin rendah nilainya menunjukkan tingkat likuiditas perusahaan yang rendah.
Total Assets                     38.153.118.932                       34.331.674.737
         
  =                                       0,10                                         0,19
B. Movement of current assets
Day's sales in receivables 365 Days =                                        365                                          365 Digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan perusahaan dalam mengumpulkan jumlah piutang dalam setiap jangka waktu tertentu. Piutang dapat di katakan likuid apabila dikumpulkan relative lebih singkat waktunya. Artinya rata-rata perusahaan mengumpulkan piutangnya  dalam jangka waktu 50 hari.
Receivable Turnover                                       7,43                                         7,86
         
  =                                     49,15                                       46,43
Day's sales in inventory 365 Days =                                        365                                          365 Digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan perusahaan dalam memutar persediaan produk dalam setiap jangka waktu tertentu. perputaran persediaan produk dapat di katakan likuid apabila dapat dijual relative lebih singkat waktunya. Artinya rata-rata perusahaan menjual persediaan produknya dalam jangka waktu 54 hari.
Inventory turnover                                       6,77                                         5,48
         
  =                                     53,94                                       66,61
Operating cycle Day's sales in receivables
+
Day's sales in inventory
=  49,15 + 53,94     46,43 + 66,61  Digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan perusahaan dalam operasional produksinya dari dari persediaan produk sampai produk tersebut dibeli dan dibayarkan dalam jangka waktu tertentu. . Artinya rata-rata perusahaan menjual produk dan menerima bayaran dalam jangka waktu 104 hari.
 
       
=                                   103,09                                     113,03
C. Long term solvency
Total Dept Total Assets - Total Equity =                     10.712.320.531                         9.326.744.733  Artinya sebanyak 28% aset perusahaan dibelanjai (didanai) oleh dana pinjaman. Semakin besar rasio ini berdampak semakin besar resiko bagi kreditur dalam hal pengembalian pinjamannya.
Total Assets                     38.153.118.932                       34.331.674.737
         
  =                                       0,28                                         0,27
Debt to equity Total Liabilities =                     10.712.320.531                         9.326.744.733 Artinya Rp 1  dana modal sendiri (ekuitas) diikuti oleh Rp 0,39 dana pinjaman atau dana pinjaman 0,39 kali dari dana sendiri alias lebih kecil dana pinjaman dibanding dana sendiri (ekuitas).
Total Equity                     27.440.798.401                       25.004.930.004
         
  =                                       0,39                                         0,37
Equity Multiplier Total Assets =                     38.153.118.932                       34.331.674.737 Artinya dengan modal sendiri (ekuitas) sebesar Rp 1 dapat menghasilkan aset sebesar Rp 1,39. Berarti Rp 1  ekuitasnya digandakan sehingga menjadi Rp 1,39 aset.
Total Equity 27.440.798.401   25.004.930.004
         
  =                                       1,39                                         1,37
Creditors to Total Assets Total liabilities =                     10.712.320.531                         9.326.744.733  
Total Assets 38.153.118.932   34.331.674.737
         
  =                                       0,28                                         0,27
Long-term debt to equity Long-term debt =                       4.113.130.909                         4.054.815.185  
Total Equity                     27.440.798.401                       25.004.930.004
         
  =                                       0,15                                         0,16
Fixed assets to equity Net fixed assets =                     25.167.682.710                       20.221.066.650  
Total Equity                     27.440.798.401                       25.004.930.004
         
  =                                       0,92                                         0,81
Times interest earned EBIT =                       5.850.923.497                         7.077.276.008 Artinya Rp 1 beban bunga dijamin pembayarannya oleh Rp 15,81 laba usaha. Artinya memberi kepastian dalam pembayaran bunga bila semakin besar rasionya. 
Interest Expense                          370.004.717                            382.919.122
         
  =                                     15,81                                       18,48
Cash Coverage EBIT + Depreciation =                       7.390.000.000                         8.301.000.000 Artinya Rp 1 beban bunga dijamin pembayarannya oleh Rp 19,97 laba usaha tunai. EBIT + Depreciation dikenaldenganistilah EBITDA yaitu laba sebelum bunga, pajak dan penyusutan. Yang dimaksud dengan penyusutan di sini adalah beban non tunai dalam pengertian luas , termasuk di dalamnya adalah depresiasi (penyusutan atas aset tetap), deplesi (penyusutan atas tanah produktif), amortisasi (penyusutan atas aset lain-lain / intangible assets seperti goodwill, trademark, patent, copyrights, organization costs, preoperating expenses, license / franchise fee dll) dan bad debt expenses (beban penghapusan piutang).
Interest                          370.004.717                            382.919.122
         
  =                                     19,97                                       21,68
Fixed assets to long-term debt Net fixed assets =                     25.167.682.710                       20.221.066.650  
Long-term debt                       4.113.130.909                         4.054.815.185
         
  =                                       6,12                                         4,99
D. Return of invenstment
Return on Assets Net income =                       4.525.441.038                         5.567.659.839 Mengukur keberhasilan manajemen menggunakan asetnya untuk menghasilkan laba. (Dalam beberapa literature, disebut Return on Investment). Semakin besar ROA semakin baik keberhasilan manajemen menghasilkan laba. Artinya setiap Rp 1  aset yang dimiliki, perusahaan dapat menghasilkan laba sebesar Rp 0,12.
Total asset   38.153.118.932   34.331.674.737
         
  =                                       0,12                                         0,16
Return on Equity Net income =                       4.525.441.038                         5.567.659.839 Mengukur presentase laba yang diperoleh atas investasi yang dilakukan pemegang saham.  Yang artinya setiap Rp 1  modal yang diinvestasikan, perusahaan dapat menghasilkan laba sebesar Rp 0,16.
Total Equity                       27.440.798.401                       25.004.930.004
       
  =                                       0,16                                         0,22
E. Operating performance ratio
Gross Profit Margin Gross Profit =                     10.645.996.373                       11.578.877.275 Mengukur prosentase laba yang diperoleh sesudah perusahaan menghasilkan produk. Yang artinyaSemen Indonesia menghasilkan Gross Profit Margin 2003 sebesar 40% .
Total Sales                       26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135
         
  =                                       0,40                                         0,43
Operating Profit to Sales Income from Operations =                       5.850.923.497                         7.077.276.008 Mengukur prosentase laba yang diperoleh sesudah perusahaan membayar semua biaya produksi dan biaya operasi (berarti tidak termasuk pembayaran biaya bunga, pajak dan dividen saham preferen). Operating Profi Margin dapat dikatakan sebagai ukuran laba yang sebenarnya yaitu sebesar 22%
Total Sales                       26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135
         
  =                                       0,22                                         0,26
Net Income to Sales/ Profit Margin Net Income =                       4.525.441.038                         5.567.659.839 Mengukur prosentase laba yang diperoleh sesudah perusahaan membayar semua biaya-biaya yang terjadi, termasuk biaya bunga, pajak dan dividen saham preferen. Untuk melihat keberhasilan perusahaan, Net Profit Margin dapat digunakan. Profit margin Semen Indonesia adalah 17%.
Total Sales                       26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135
         
  =                                       0,17                                         0,21
F. Asset utilization ratio
Sales to Cash Total Sales =                     26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135  
Cash                         3.964.018.180                         4.925.949.551
         
  =                                       6,80                                         5,48
Sales to Inventories Total Sales =                     26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135  
Inventories                         2.408.974.072                         2.811.704.405
         
  =                                     11,19                                         9,60
Sales to Working Capital/ NWC Turnover Total Sales =                     26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135  
Working Capital                         3.939.514.288                         6.376.615.127
         
  =                                       6,84                                         4,23
Sales to Total Assets/ Total Assets Turnover Total Sales =                     26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135 Total Asset Turnover mengukur efisiensi penggunaan asset perusahaan
dalam menghasilkan penjualan, artinya penggunaan/perputaran aset dalam 1 tahun adalah 0,71 kali. Makin tinggi TATO makin efisien penggunaan asset perusahaan.
Total Assets   38.153.118.932   34.331.674.737
         
  =                                       0,71                                         0,79
Sales to accounts receivable Total Sales =                     26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135  
Account Receivable                         3.628.640.501                         3.432.556.555
         
  =                                       7,43                                         7,86
Sales to fixed assets/ Fix Assets Turnover Total Sales =                     26.948.004.471                       26.987.035.135  
Net fixed assets                       25.167.682.710                       20.221.066.650
         
  =                                       1,07                                         1,33
G. Market Value ratio
Price - Earning Price per share =                                   11.400                                     16.200 Mengukur kesediaan investor untuk membayar setiap laba yang diperoleh perusahaan. Makin tinggi nilai PER makin tinggi kepercayaan investor pada perusahaaan. PER juga merupakan indikator atas nilai saham perusahaan. 
Earning per share                                          762                                          937
         
  =                                     14,96                                       17,28
Price Earning Growth Price - Earning =                                     14,96                                               -  
Earning Growth Rate (%)   -22,97                                               -
         
  =                                      (0,65)   #DIV/0!
Price - Sales  Price per share =                              11.400,00                                16.200,00  
Sales per share                                  4.543,19                                  4.549,77
         
  =                                       2,51                                         3,56
Market - Book Value Market Value per Share =                              11.400,00                                16.200,00 Memberikan satu penilaian tentang bagaimana investor melihat kinerja perusahaan, yaitu dengan menghubungkan nilai pasar dengan nilai buku perusahaan. Artinya investor mau membayar Rp 3,31 untuk setiap Rp 1 nilai buku saham. 
Book Value per Share                                  3.442,55                                  4.054,01
         
  =                                       3,31                                         4,00
Tobin's Q  Market Value of Asset =              67.619.328.000.000                96.090.624.000.000  
Replacement Cost of Asset                38.153.118.932.000                34.331.674.737.000
         
  =                                       1,77                                         2,80
NOTES FINANCIAL REPORT : 
A. Balance Sheet (Disajikan dalam ribuan Rupiah, kecuali dinyatakan lain)
Informations   2015 (IDR)   2014 (IDR)
CURRENT ASSETS        
Cash and cash equivalents                      3.964.018.180                      4.925.949.551
Restricted cash and cash equivalents                            25.469.712                            13.696.811
Short-term investments                              2.263.173                            91.872.422
Trade receivables        
Third parties                      2.716.270.338                      2.553.653.508
Related parties                         827.569.631                         747.593.796
Other receivables        
Third parties                            56.818.134                         103.802.566
Related parties                            27.982.398                            27.506.685
Inventories                      2.408.974.072                      2.811.704.405
Advances                            88.747.138                         148.716.926
Prepaid expenses                            38.530.615                            52.786.968
Prepaid taxes                         382.060.519                         171.261.037
         
Total Current Asset                    10.538.703.910                    11.648.544.675
         
NON-CURRENT ASSETS        
Deffered Tax Assets                            90.267.923                            56.552.571
Investment in assosiates                         223.952.239                         146.980.208
Investment properties                         175.123.263                         183.317.846
Fixed assets                    25.167.682.710                    20.221.066.650
Deffered charges                         134.693.976                         113.316.617
Intangible assets                       1.134.306.236                      1.103.697.255
Advances for investment                         328.280.118                         531.935.259
Other Assets                         360.108.557                         326.263.656
         
Total Non Current Asset                    27.614.415.022                    22.683.130.062
         
Total Asset                    38.153.118.932                    34.331.674.737
         
CURRENT LIABILITIES        
Short-term borrowing                         138.603.568                            81.808.678
Trade payables        
Third parties                      2.709.634.659                      2.160.613.721
Related parties                      1.073.611.340                         870.893.891
Other payables        
Third parties                         151.290.680                         182.704.936
Related parties                            43.009.298                            32.295.840
Accure expenses                         633.616.432                         445.434.118
Taxes payables                         275.833.026                         271.687.005
Short-term employee benefits liabilities                         848.863.477                         680.196.988
Sales advances                            17.645.606                            30.224.619
Long-term liabilities        
Bank loans                         630.043.935                         463.572.257
Finance lease liabilities                            77.037.601                            52.497.495
         
Total Current Liabilities                      6.599.189.622                      5.271.929.548
         
NON CURRENT LIABILITIES        
Deferred tax liabilities                         107.902.730                            70.045.322
Long-term employee benefits liabilities                         653.612.297                         482.604.646
Long-term liabilities        
Bank loans                      2.996.680.899                      3.183.156.388
Finance lease liabilities                         158.934.642                         131.988.819
Long-term provision                         185.526.840                         175.064.953
Other non current liabilities                            10.473.501                            11.955.057
         
Total Non-Current Liabilities                      4.113.130.909                      4.054.815.185
         
Total Liabilities                    10.712.320.531                      9.326.744.733
         
EQUITY        
Share capital                         593.152.000                         593.152.000
Additional paid in capital                      1.458.257.900                      1.458.257.900
Other component of equity                         553.155.266                         475.228.790
Retained earnings        
Appropriated                         253.338.000                         253.338.000
Unappropriated                    23.561.638.624                    21.266.487.985
         
Total equity attributable                    26.419.541.790                    24.046.464.675
Non-controlling interest                      1.021.256.611                         958.465.329
         
Total equity                    27.440.798.401                    25.004.930.004
         
Total Liabilities & Equity                    38.153.118.932                    34.331.674.737
 
 
B. Income Statement (Disajikan dalam ribuan Rupiah, kecuali dinyatakan lain)
Account   2015 (IDR)   2014 (IDR)
Revenue                    26.948.004.471                    26.987.035.135
Cost of revenue (COGS)                  (16.302.008.098)                  (15.408.157.860)
         
GROSS PROFITS                    10.645.996.373                    11.578.877.275
         
Selling expenses                    (2.658.736.792)                    (2.694.236.894)
General and administration expenses                    (2.087.885.344)                    (1.937.522.487)
Other operating income                            46.157.493                         195.060.184
Finance income                         241.075.757                         286.070.140
Finance costs                        (370.004.717)                        (382.919.122)
Share in net profit of associates                            34.320.727                            31.946.912
         
SALES AND OPERATING EXPENSES                    (4.795.072.876)                    (4.501.601.267)                                1.539,00
EBITDA                      7.390.000.000                      8.301.000.000
PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX                      5.850.923.497                      7.077.276.008                 (1.615.008.956,00)
         
Income tax expenses                    (1.325.482.459)                    (1.509.616.169)
         
NET PROFIT                       4.525.441.038                      5.567.659.839
         
Total (profit/loss) other comprehensive income                         136.723.298                            74.658.101
         
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME                      4.662.164.336                      5.642.317.940
         
PROFIT ATTRIBUTABLE TO :        
Owner of parent entity                      4.521.490.578                      5.559.902.041
Non-controlling interest                              3.950.460                              7.757.798
         
NET PROFIT                      4.525.441.038                      5.567.659.839
         
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO :        
Owner of parent entity                      4.599.417.054                      5.631.171.385
Non-controlling interest                            62.747.282                            11.146.555
         
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME                      4.662.164.336                      5.642.317.940
C. Market Information (Disajikan dalam ribuan Rupiah, kecuali dinyatakan lain)
EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO :        
Owner of parent entity                    20.419.541.790                    24.046.464.675
Non-controlling interest                      1.021.256.611                         958.465.329
TOTAL EQUITY                    21.440.798.401                    25.004.930.004
PROFIT ATTRIBUTABLE TO :        
Owner of parent entity                      4.521.490.578                      5.559.902.041
Non-controlling interest                              3.950.460                              7.757.798
NET PROFIT                      4.525.441.038                      5.567.659.839
NUMBER OF SHARES        
Average number of shares                      5.931.520.000                      5.931.520.000
(Dinyatakan dalam angka penuh)        
BASIC EARNING PER SHARE                                         762                                         937
(Dinyatakan dalam angka penuh Rupiah per saham)        
PRICE PER SHARE                                    11.400                                    16.200
(Dinyatakan dalam angka penuh Rupiah per saham)        

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